Bibliography

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Online Resources

"Good Samaritan Statute." 2004. Medi-smart. 21 October, 2004. <http://medi-smart.com/gslaw.htm>.

This site is designed to educate readers about the Good Samaritan Law, a law that protects volunteers provding medical help from being sued. The fact that such a law is necessary is sad. It shows how people have stopped showing gratitude for helping hands, and have found the need to sue those offering them. This informative article will answer any questions about the Good Samaritan Law.

"Scapegoating Research and Remedies." Ed. Gabriel Harrison. 2 July 2003. The Scapegoat Society. 21 October 2004. <http://scapegoat.demon.co.uk/>.

This is the Scapegoat Society: A group who would like to see scapegoating put to an end. This site defines scapegoating, and gives a few possible causes of this trend. Also links to other parts of the site that may be of interest.

Dockery, Matthew. "Scapegoat Society." Grendelfish. Seattle, WA. 14 December 2004.   <http://www.cyphertext.net/~gfish/gfish/goat.html>

The author of this site has created another "Scapegoat Society." This page is nothing but sarcasm from top to bottom. It is where readers have written in fake confessions for various problems in the world. For a humorous look at scapegoating and how it has gone too far, check out this site.

"Scapegoatology." 2003. Library of Halexandria. 21 October 2004. <http://www.halexandria.org/dward043.htm>.

Why do people use scapegoats? This site discusses the insecurities of those who use scapegoats, and how people blame the government for things gone wrong. Interesting argument, worth a look.

"Who is Really to Blame?" Ed. Don Lobo Tiggre. Liberty Roundtable. 21 October, 2004. <http://www.libertyroundtable.org/library/ essay.whotoblame.html>.

Children can be violent at times. Parents ought to take responsibility to help their child react in a more positive way. Instead, some parents are choosing to blame television, school, anything to deflect the responsibility. Includes statistics from a poll entitled "Who is to blame for school violence?"

"Childhood Obesity: Who is to Blame?" Pediatrics. Ed. Vincent Iannelli, M.D. About.com. 21 October, 2004. <http://pediatrics.about. com/cs/nutrition/a/blame_obesity.htm>.

Obesity is a problem in today's society, and this article discusses who is at fault. Most parents blame themselves, but some blame other factors. A short but interesting bit of information.

"The Bush Economic Record: What a Difference Three Years Makes." 2004. Democratic National Committee. 21 October, 2004.  <http://www.democrats.org/economy/bushrecord.html>.

Is it really the president's fault? John Kerry supporters certainly think so. Economies rise and fall, and in most cases, the president has very little to do with it. A good example of how the people blame the president when things go wrong. A bit misleading and very biased.

"Scapegoats." Ed. Sumana Raychaudhuri. 27 September 2001. The Nation. 21 October 2004. <http://www.thenation.com/ doc.mhtml?i=20011008&s=raychaudhuri20010927>.

This site discusses prejudices towards Arabs both here and abroad since 9/11. People blame the Arabian people as a whole for the terrorist attacks, when only a handful were responsible.

Printed Resources: Articles

Johnson, Thomas J. Journal of General Psychology. "Sexual Experiences Associated with participation in Drinking Games." July 2004, Vol. 131, Issue 3, p.304

The authors of this article state that those who participate in drinking games have made more reports of sexual assault than those who don't. The alcohol, those who took advantage, and multiple other factors are all to blame for these people being made to feel like victims. Never once is it mentioned that the heart of the problem is a lack of responsibility. This article is a very good example of the mindset of people today, and how everyone claims to be a victim.

Irvin II, Nat. Futurist. "The Arrival of the Thrivals." March/April 2004, Vol. 38, Issue 2, p. 16.

This article demonstrates that these African Americans no longer view themselves as victims of the past and are able to look toward the future by taking responsibility for their own lives. This demonstrates the prevention of scapegoating can be achieved through responsibility for one's own actions. These "thrivals" were able to become successful because they did not view themselves as victims, but as motivated individuals who made their own future.

Coleman, Priscilla K. Infant and Child Development. "Perceptions of parent-child attachment, social self-efficacy, and peer relationships in Middle Childhood." October 2003, Vol. 12, Issue 4, p. 351.

The author discusses a study in the field of parent-child attachment. Children attached to one of their parents, if not both, tend to have higher self-efficacy. Self-efficacy is the belief that one has control over their own thoughts and behavior. These children formed better relationships with their peers, as well, and did not view themselves as victims of bullying.

Neifert, Marianne, M.D. "Best Behavior." Parenting Magazine. December 2000.

Parenting Magazine is very useful for parents of children of all ages, but particularly new parents. This specific article focuses on teaching children good manners. It is important to teach children respect of others from an early age, so we found this magazine to be a valuable resource.

Printed Resources: Books

Newman, Katherine S. Rampage: The Social Roots of School Shootings. Basic Books: 2004.

Newman explores the reasons behind school shootings in this book. Chapter Eight: Blame and Forgiveness is the chapter most prevalent to the topic of scapegoating. In the beginning of the chapter, Newman publishes the following quote by the father of Kayce Steger who was killed in a school shooting: "We wanted...someone to accept the blame, the guilt, for my daughter's murder, and even today I haven't gotten that. Because [Michael] never accepted the guilt. The parents say it wasn't their fault, the school says it wasn't their fault, the shooter says, "Well, I'm not accepting fault," so my daughter just went to school one day, got a hole in her head, never came home, and it's nobody's fault? That's hard to live with." This is powerful proof of how the problem of scapegoating can do so much damage.

Rodgers, T.J. No Excuses Management. Currency: 1993

In this book, Rodgers shows small-business owners how to take responsibility for their company. He urges owners and managers to accept "no excuses" for the outcome of the efforts. A good book for those businessmen and women in such a competitive market.

Davies, J. Phillips. Don't Just Say No. Knight and Davies Company: 2003.

This book is all about excuses. It is a goldmine for anyone who uses scapegoating as a means to avoid responsibility. It details which excuses are and are not believable, as well as the best circumstances to make that excuse effective. This book is intended to be humorous, but it very clearly shows how deflection of blame has become a regular occurrence in today's society.

Allport, Gordon W. The ABC's of Scapegoating. Anti Defamation League of Bnai: 1983.

This book represents this website in just about every aspect. Allport understands the problem scapegoating presents to modern society, and he addresses it full-force in this book. He urges people to avoid "the blame game" and "take responsibility for personal behavior," as one reviewer noted. (Amazon.com). A wonderful resource for those who want to further explore the problem of scapegoating and be responsible for their own actions.

Source of Graphic: http://www.fotosearch.com/EYW229/e000027/

Written by Emily Stegman, Mary Phillips, and Joanna Gruber. Last edited December 14, 2004.

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