presents
I've been collecting typewriters in earnest since the spring of
1994.
Here's a list of machines from
my collection, in chronological order by the date when the model
was first introduced. Click on highlighted typewriters to see pictures
of them. --Richard Polt
Some terminology
- Downstroke = typebars stand vertically in the front,
the back, or the sides of the platen (the printing surface),
and type on the top of the platen
- Full keyboard = separate keys for upper- and lower-case letters
- Grasshopper = typebars lie horizontally; they "hop" up, forward,
and down
onto the platen.
- Index = no keyboard. The typist indicates a letter on some sort
of index,
then
performs a different operation in order to type. These were originally
meant as cheap alternatives to key
board
machines, and survived in the 20th century as toys.
- Platen = the printing surface of the typewriter (usually a
rubber-covered
cylinder)
- Thrust action = a form of mechanism in which the typebar thrusts
forward,
horizontally, and hits the front of the platen
- Type cylinder = all letters are on an elongated cylinder
- Type shuttle = all letters are on a C-shaped shuttle
- Typebar = the type is on the end of a metal bar.
Most well-known typewriters are typebar typewriters.
- Typewheel = all letters are on a wheel that spins in order to
present the right letter to the platen. (No, IBM did not invent
this!)
- Understroke = typebars hit the bottom of the platen;
the platen must be lifted in order to see one's work! These machines
were
called "blind writers" by their detractors.
Collection List
- Hammond 1 #10892 (USA,
ca. 1889) -- Ideal-keyboard type-shuttle machine
(read about my restoration of this
machine here and read about
Hammonds here)
- Crandall New Model
#3715 (USA, ca. 1889) --
curved two-bank non-QWERTY keyboard, type cylinder
(read about Crandalls here)
- Caligraph 3 #38924 (USA, 1890s) (read about Caligraphs here)
- National (large-spacebar
model) #1295 (USA, ca. 1890) -- understroke, three-bank, curved
keyboard
- Fitch (English) #3545
(England, 1891) -- downstroke from the back, three-bank non-QWERTY
keyboard
- Densmore, first model ("1a")
#1501 (USA, 1891) -- understroke
- Yost No. 4 #51801 (USA,
1895) -- full keyboard, understroke, ink pad inking
(read about Yosts here)
- Smith Premier No. 1
#33506 (USA, ca. 1895) -- full keyboard, understroke
- Peerless #4034 (USA, ca.
1896) -- full-keyboard understroke
- Williams No. 2 #10612
(USA, 1896) -- grasshopper
(read about Williams here)
- Granville Automatic
#5795 (USA, 1896) -- thrust action
- New Franklin #5509
(USA, 1896) -- downstroke from the front, curved keyboard
(read about Franklins here)
- Wellington No. 2 #5063
(USA, 1898) -- thrust action
- Lambert No. 1 #1203
(USA, 1900) -- circular keyboard, single type element
(read about Lamberts here)
- Williams No. 4 #17114
(USA, 1900) -- grasshopper
(read about Williams here)
- Fay-Sho No. 4 #4817 (USA,
ca. 1901) -- "bronze" understroke (actually copper plated) with
neoclassical design
- Blickensderfer No. 5 (USA,
1902) -- typewheel, Scientific Polish keyboard
(read about this typewriter here)
- Smith Premier No. 2
#77492 (USA, 1902)
-- full keyboard, understroke
- Pittsburg No. 10 #14766
(USA, circa 1902) -- successor to the Daugherty, the first frontstroke
typewriter
- Postal 5 #25892 (USA, 1904)
-- typewheel
- Monarch no. 2
#437 (USA, 1904) -- four-bank frontstroke, basket shift
- Moya No. 2 #3324 (England,
1905) -- type cylinder
- Sun Standard No. 2 #16044
(USA, ca. 1905) -- 3-bank frontstroke
- Fox No. 3 #A7774/14731 (USA, ca.
1905) -- understroke (read about Foxes
here)
- Fox No. 23 #05819/31619
(USA, 1906) -- frontstroke (read about
Foxes here)
- L.C. Smith No. 2 #19901-2
(USA, 1907)
- Blickensderfer No. 8 #130721 (USA, 1907)
- Yetman Transmitting Typewriter,
no serial number (USA, 1908) -- telegraphic typewriter
(read about the Yetman here)
- Salter 10 #15477
(England, 1908) -- downstroke from the front
- Columbia Bar-Lock No. 14
#163655 (USA, 1910) -- full keyboard, downstroke from front
- Blickensderfer 7 #148967
(USA, 1910) --
typewheel, Scientific keyboard
(read about this typewriter here)
- Emerson No. 3 #8367 (USA,
ca. 1910) -- frontstroke, typebars swing in from the sides (read about Emersons here)
- Harry A. Smith no. 6
#7447 (USA, ca. 1910) -- fronststroke, relabeled Victor
Kanclér no. 3 #8859 (Germany, ca. 1910) -- Czech version of the Kanzler
- Harris Visible No. 4 #14936
(USA, 1911) -- three-bank frontstroke (read
about the Harris on Will Davis' site)
- Stenotype #14047 (USA,
ca. 1912)
- Royal No. 5 #113790-5 (USA,
1912)
- Secor No. 2 #5380 (USA, ca.
1913)
- Rapid No. 10 #35921 (USA,
ca. 1913) -- name variant of the Fox 23
- Ideal A4 #98442 (Germany,
1914) -- four-bank oblique frontstroke, carriage return lever on side
- Oliver 9 #886730 (USA,
1915) -- U-shaped typebars, downstroke from the side
(read about this machine here)
- Simplex 1 Special
(USA, 1915) -- toy index typewriter
(read about Simplexes here)
- Hammond Multiplex
#AL212054 (USA, ca. 1915) -- 3-bank type-shuttle machine, green
- Home Blickensderfer
#170020 (USA, ca. 1915) --
typewheel, Scientific keyboard
- Blickensderfer 9 #186280
(USA, 1916) -- typewheel, Scientific keyboard (read about this machine here)
- Fox portable #2
#10017 (USA, ca. 1918) (read about
Foxes here)
- Molle No. 3 #2590 (USA,
1918) -- frontstroke, three-bank
(read about this machine here)
- Helios-Klimax #13660
(Germany, ca. 1919) -- two-bank, triple shift, typewheel, Spanish
keyboard
- Century 10 HV90146 (USA,
July 1919) -- three-bank frontstroke
- Victor No. 10 #54668 --
four-bank frontstroke
- Imperial D Portable
#60790 (base) / #60350 (keyboard) (England, ca. 1920)
- Portex No. 5 #19417 (USA,
ca. 1920) -- three-bank portable
- Adji Såkå
#2804 (Germany, ca. 1920) -- three-bank portable, name variant of the
Meteor
- Fox Sterling #S12688
(USA, ca. 1920) -- three-bank portable, Spanish keyboard (read about Foxes here)
- Century 10 HX00038 (USA,
May 1920)
- Remington Portable #1 #NM10936 (USA, 1921)
(read about this model here)
- Remington Portable #1
#NM11229 (USA, 1921)-- black/gold paint (read about this model here)
- Noiseless portable
#92 (USA, 1921) -- three-bank frontstroke
(read about this machine
here)
- Carmen #3175 (Germany,
1921) -- 3-bank
- Unda #1322 (Austria, 1921) --
3-bank
- Corona No. 3 #584594 (USA,
1922) --
frontstroke; carriage folds down onto keyboard
- Gourland #1533
(USA, ca. 1922) -- four-bank portable
- Underwood Standard
Portable Typewriter #40496 (USA, 1922) -- three-bank frontstroke
- MW #11733 (Germany, 1920s)
-- index machine
- Marx Dial toy typewriter
(USA, 1920s) -- index
- Hammond Folding
Multiplex #F244370G2 (USA, 1923) -- 3 bank type-shuttle machine,
keyboard folds up
- Underwood Standard
Portable Typewriter #82370 (USA, 1923) -- three-bank frontstroke
- Simplex Practical Number
200 (USA, between 1924 and 1932) -- toy index typewriter
(read about Simplexes here)
- Monica No. 1 #825 (Germany,
1924)
- Underwood No. 5
#2096819-5 (USA, 1925) -- four-bank frontstroke
(read about this machine here)
- Neya #31679 (Germany, 1925)
-- three-bank portable
- Stoewer Elite #E42713
(Germany, ca. 1925) -- three-bank portable, Hungarian keyboard, sold in Prague
- Royal No. 10 # X-1019026
(USA, 1926)
- Bing No. 2 (Germany, 1927) --
oblique frontstroke, portable or toy
- Erika 5 #30074/30045 (Germany, 1927) -- frontstroke portable
- Remington Portable No. 2 #ND79747 (USA, 1927)
(read about this model here)
- Rem-Blick #KX80608 (USA,
1928) -- typewheel
(read about this
machine here)
- Corona 4 #S4M02555 (USA, 1928) -- "Mountain Ash Scarlet" finish
- Oliver 11 #1016985 (USA,
ca. 1928)
- Underwood Portable
#4B186920 (USA, 1928)
- Remington Portable No. 3 #V134032 (USA, 1928) -- two-tone
turquoise
(read about this model here)
- Remington 92 #Z155356
(USA, 1929) -- Hebrew version of the #12
- Underwood Portable #458501
(USA, 1929) -- Ukrainian keyboard
- Underwood Standard
Portable Typewriter #210944 (USA, 1929) -- three-bank frontstroke,
green marble paint
(read about this model
here)
- Stoewer four-bank portable #123759 (Germany, ca. 1930)
- Merz Universal #58095
(Germany, ca. 1930) -- four-bank portable
- Corona Special
#JX657395 (USA, 1931) -- folding portable with gold highlights
- Rheinmetall portable
#30561 (Germany, 1931)
- Torpedo portable #141322
(Germany, 1931) -- Cyrillic keyboard, exported (to Mongolia?) by
Wostwag, a Soviet front company based in Berlin and Ulan Bator
- Underwood Noiseless
77 #930677 (maroon) (USA, 1930s)
(read about
this model here)
- Remington Noiseless Portable
#N41852 (two-tone green) (USA, 1930s)
(read about
this model here)
- Imperial Good
Companion #AC273 (England, 1932) -- portable with Swedish keyboard
- Porto-Rite #SR10815 (USA, 1932)
- Royal Signet #E9780
(USA, 1932) -- capitals-only portable
(read about this
model here)
- Monarch Pioneer
#S24372 (USA, August 1932) -- capitals-only portable, green
- Remington Rand Model 1 #P49630 (USA, 1933)
(read about this
model here)
- Remington Noiseless Junior
#B10403 (USA, 1933)
(read about
this model here)
- Remington Portable Model 5 (boxy) #V601539 (USA, 1934)
(read about this model
here)
- Remington Junior #S256639 (Canada, 1930s)
(read about this model
here)
- Remington Envoy (USA, 1930s) -- Portuguese keyboard
(read about this model
here)
(read about this
model here)
- Barr Special #P16230
(USA, early 1930s) -- portable, black
(read
about the Barr on Will Davis' site)
- Barr Universal
#C2U658 (USA, early 1930s) -- portable, maroon
- Burroughs #50A5748 (USA,
1933)
- Remington 3B #C104412 (USA,
1935)
(read about this model here)
- Monarch #C60782
(USA, April 1935) -- name variant of the Remington Compact portable
- Olivetti ICO (MP1) portable
#20548 (Italy, 1935) -- black, German keyboard, sold in Vienna
- Royal Junior #J52398
(USA, 1935) -- Greek keyboard
- Remington 9 #F13383
(USA, February 1936)
(read about this model here)
- Tip Tip #5606
(Czechoslovakia, 1936) -- index
- Remington
Noiseless Portable Model Seven #H49561 (USA, Jan. 1937) --
my first typewriter (read
about this model here)
- Hermes Baby Featherweight
#107389 (Switzerland, 1937)
- Remington Victor S Portable #VV909435 (UK, ca. 1937) -- British
version of the streamlined #5 portable (read about this model
here)
- Remington
Noiseless 8 #E36907 (USA, October 1937) (read about this model here)
- Rem Rand Pioneer
#C109305 (USA, Oct. 1937) -- caps only
- Remington Bantam #C153272 (USA, 1937) -- child's portable
typewriter, caps only
(read about this model
here)
- Mercedes Superba #85747
(Germany, 1937) -- portable
- Patria #18062 (Switzerland,
ca. 1937) -- portable
- Varityper #409600-9
(USA, ca. 1937) -- type shuttle, electric
- Corona Junior #1F
26843J (USA, 1937)
- Barr #39213 (USA, late
1930s) -- portable
- Groma #208701 (Germany, ca.
1938) -- four-bank portable, maroon
- Corona Sterling
#2A51871 (USA, 1938) -- streamlined, maroon
- Olivetti ICO (MP1) portable
#58541 (Italy, 1938) -- red
- Continental #R257169
(Germany, 1938) -- four-bank portable
- Monarch Pioneer
#CA133500 (USA, August 1938) -- 3.5-row keyboard
(read about this model
here)
- Adler Favorit 2 #579597
(Germany, 1939) -- thrust action portable
- Remington
Model 1 #PD173510 (USA, 1939) -- "noisy noiseless" portable
(read about this
model here)
- Klein-Urania #182519
(Germany, 1939) -- maroon, Norwegian keyboard
- Hermes 2000 #43664
(Switzerland, 1939) -- four-bank portable
- U.S. Mirsa Ideal portable no. 5
#919426/5 (Germany, ca. 1939) -- Czech-keyboard name variant of the
Erika no. 5
- Monarch 101 (USA,
ca. 1940) #A10076-- office-sized machine with noiseless
portable mechanism, made by "American Writing Machine Co." (actually
Remington) (read
about this model here)
- Olympia-Plana #16700
(Germany, 1940) -- bakelite body, Hungarian keyboard
- Remington Streamliner
#B110873 (USA, 1941)
(read about this
model here)
- Regia Mixta #L-11040 (Spain,
ca. 1948) -- portable
- Voss #10271 (West
Germany, 1949) -- red-and-black bakelite body, chrome paper table (read
about the Voss on Will Davis' site)
- Royal Quiet De Luxe #A-1788992 (USA, 1949) -- gold-plated portable
- Keaton Music Typewriter
#2294 (USA, ca. 1950) -- downstroke, circular-keyboard music typewriter
- Original Matous #CC 832
(Czechoslovakia, ca. 1950) -- portable
- Tower Skyriter #2Y 40065(USA, 1950) -- flat portable made by Smith-Corona for Sears (parts from three Tower Chieftain and Smith-Corona Skyriter machines were used to construct this one)
- Remington Quiet-Riter #QT2254731 (USA, 1951) -- repainted blue-green
- Voss #25942 (West
Germany, 1951) -- red-and-black bakelite body with chrome accents
- Rheinmetall
#300796 (East Germany, 1952) -- portable
- Express #306049 (West
Germany, June 1953) -- rare portable with plastic body and segment
- Rooy portable #27912
(France, 1953) -- ultraflat; American keyboard
- Smith-Corona Silent
#5S423913 (USA, 1953)
- Halberg
Traveler #45753 (Netherlands,
1954) (read about the
Halberg on Will Davis' site)
- Blue Bird #707258 (West Germany, 1954) -- name variant of the Torpedo portable, British keyboard
- Groma Gromina #528909
(East Germany, ca. 1954) -- ultraflat, maroon
- Everest K2 #519941
(Italy, 1954) -- portable, black
- Gossen
Tippa Pilot #136331 (West Germany, ca. 1955)
- American Deluxe
#1145938 (East Germany, ca. 1955) -- relabeled Optima Elite portable,
green
- Swissa Junior #136353
(Switzerland, ca. 1955) -- portable
- Underwood De Luxe
Quiet Tab portable #AA2639689 (USA, ca. 1955) -- green and gray
- Underwood De Luxe
Quiet Tab portable #AB2668636 (USA, ca. 1955) -- black and white
- Patria #S21663 (Spain,
ca. 1955) -- black portable
- Groma Kolibri
#559054 (East Germany, 1955) -- ultraslim portable, maroon
- Groma Kolibri #568176
(East Germany, 1956) -- black
- Groma Kolibri
#599437 (East Germany, 1957) -- silver
- MBM Mercury #ZP-80235
(Czechoslovakia, 1957) -- name variant of the Consul (read
about the Consul on Will Davis' site)
- Voss DeLuxe #135246
(West Germany, 1957) -- big portable, maroon
- Erika 10
#1909032 (East Germany, ca. 1958) -- portable
- Aztec
700 #1976404 (East Germany, ca. 1958) -- export name variant of the Erika
10
- Junior Mod. 58 #C2268 (Spain, ca. 1958) -- maroon compact portable
- Winsor Special De Luxe #B-1070 (Spain, ca. 1958) -- gray compact portable
Voss DeLuxe #151039
(West Germany, 1958) -- black body with black keyboard
- Voss DeLuxe #158905
(West Germany, 1959) -- black body with grey keyboard
- Annabella
#D-042596-5039 (Italy, ca. 1960) -- German keyboard, made by Antares (read
about Antares on Will Davis' site)
- Triumph
DeJur Perfekt #1231288 (West Germany, ca. 1960) -- portable,
cream/maroon
- Andina
Grafos #D3438 (Spain, ca. 1960) -- heavy portable with segment
shift, successor to the Regia
- ABC #3-64682 (West Germany,
ca. 1960) -- portable, orange
- Princess 100 #109241
(West Germany, ca. 1960) -- portable, gray
- Groma Humber #668875 (East
Germany, 1961)
-- rare export name variant of the Kolibri, ivory/green
- Groma Kolibri
#682069 (East Germany, 1961) -- ivory/red
- Groma Kolibri
#689903 (East Germany, 1961) -- ivory/blue
- Groma Kolibri Luxus
#A18172 (East Germany, ca. 1962) -- ivory/tan
- AMC #316757 (West
Germany, ca. 1962) -- name variant of the Alpina
- Olympia
SF #562094 (West Germany, 1962) -- flat portable
- Aztec 600 #620677
(East Germany, 1962) -- export name variant of the Rheinmetall KsT portable, two-tone brown
- Voss Privat #223959
(West Germany, 1963) -- sold at the factory to an American, QWERTY
keyboard with script type
- AMC #437765 (France, 1963)
-- export name variant of the Japy Script
- Smith-Corona Sterling
#5AX180041 (USA, 1963)
Alpina Baby #373227 (Japan, 1960s)
- Gritzner #025822 (West
Germany, 1960s) -- downstroke, non-QWERTY "legend lettering machine"
for typing on blueprints
- Olympia SM5 #2431368
(West Germany, 1965)
- Olympia SM8 #2723758
(West Germany, 1966)
- Gritzner #031842 (West Germany, 1967)
- Consul 232 #7 232 452348
(Czechoslovakia, 1967) -- portable
- Andina Especial 90 #75004 (Spain, ca. 1970) -- portable
- Ortekh #446574 (Russia, 1993) -- portable
Gone but not forgotten
These are no longer with me. I've enjoyed
them and then passed them on to other typewriter fans, but they're
fondly remembered!
- Caligraph 2 #30345 (USA,
ca. 1888) -- full non-QWERTY keyboard, understroke
(read about Caligraphs here)
- Densmore 1b (USA, 1891) -- understroke
- Peoples (USA, 1891) -- semicircular index
- American 2 (USA,
1890s) -- semicircular index
- Pearl (USA, 1891) --
semicircular index
- Odell #1b (USA, 1890s) --
linear index
- Victor (USA, 1890s) -- daisywheel index
- American Visible (curved)
#1776 (USA, early 1890s) -- index
- American Visible
(straight), no serial number (USA, early 1890s) -- index
- Hammond 2 (USA, 1893) -- type shuttle
(read about Hammonds here)
- The Chicago #8654 (USA,
1897) -- type cylinder (read about
the Chicago here)
- Oliver 3 #88838 (USA, 1898)
- New Century Caligraph No. 6
#12772 (USA, ca. 1899) -- full keyboard, understroke
- American No. 7 #16447
(USA, 1890s)-- understroke
- Merritt #15051 (USA, ca.
1900) -- linear index
- Lambert No. 3 #7901 (USA, 1902) -- circular keyboard, single type
element
(read about Lamberts here)
- International No. 5,
no serial number (USA, 1907) -- linear index
- Remington 7 #223995 (USA, 1907) -- understroke
- Yetman Transmitting Typewriter #1080 (USA, 1908) -- telegraphic
typewriter
- Bennett (USA, 1910) --
miniature typewriter; typewheel
- Simplex 1911 Special #3
(USA, 1911) -- toy index, double-case
(read about Simplexes here)
- Blickensderfer 6 #162351
(USA, 1912) -- typewheel
- Fox portable #1 #302
(USA, 1917)
- Mignon 4 #274295 (Germany, 1920s) -- index (read about this machine here)
- Remington Portable No. 3
#V275177 (USA, 1929) -- two-tone green
(read about this model here)
- Underwood Noiseless 77
#736897 (USA, 1931)
(read about
this model here)
- Remie Scout,
double-case #S66172 (USA, 1932)
(read about this
model here)
- Corona Standard #2C184108 (USA, 1935)
- Remington 5
portable (streamlined) #V925808 (USA, 1937)
(read about this
model here)
- Imperial Good Companion
(England, late 1930s) -- portable
- DM No. 3 #199200 (Germany, ca.
1939) -- portable, name variant of Olympia Progress
- Barr #37890 (USA, late 1930s) -- portable, gray
- Olivetti
Lettera 22 #437957 (Italy, ca. 1955)
-- portable
- Voss DeLuxe #137313
(West Germany, 1957) -- green
- Rooy portable #61618 (France,
1958) -- ultraflat
- Hermes Baby #9413117
(Switzerland, ca. 1970) -- orange portable
- Generation 3000
#05-25438 (China, 2005) -- portable (read
about this typewriter on Will Davis' site)